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卷一百九十五·志第一百四十八·兵九

    ◎兵九

  ○训练之制

  训练之制 禁军月奉五百以上,皆日习武技。三百以下,或给役,或习技。其后别募厢兵,亦阅习武技,号教阅厢军。戍川、广者旧不训练,嘉祐以后稍习焉。凡诸日习之法,以鼓声为节,骑兵五习,步兵四习,以其坐作进退非施于两军相当者然。自宋初以来,中外诸军皆用之。

  明道二年,枢密使王曙言:"天下厢军止给役而未尝习武技,宜取材勇者训肄,升补禁军。"上可其奏。

  康定元年,帝御便殿阅诸军阵法。议者谓诸军止教坐作进退,虽整肃可观,然临敌难用,请自今遣官阅阵毕,令解镫以弓弩射。营置弓三等,自一石至八斗;弩四等,自二石八斗至二石五斗,以次阅习。诏行之陕西、河东、河北路。是岁,诏:"教士不衽带金革,缓急不足以应敌。自今诸军各予铠甲十、马甲五,令迭披带。"又命诸军班听习杂武技,勿辄禁止。

  庆历元年,徙边兵不教者于内郡,俟习武技即遣戍边。

  二年,诸军以射亲疏为赏罚,中的者免是月诸役,仍籍其名。阙校长,则按籍取中多者补。枢密直学士杨偕请教骑兵止射九斗至七斗三等弓,画的为五晕,去的二十步,引满即发,射中者,视晕数给钱为赏。骑兵佩劈阵刀,训肄时以木杆代之。奏可。

  四年,诏:"骑兵带甲射不能发矢者,夺所乘马与本营艺优士卒。"韩琦言:"教射唯事体容及强弓,不习射亲不可以临阵。臣至边,尝定弓弩挽强、蹠硬、射亲格,愿行诸军立赏肄习。岁以春秋二时各一阅,诸营先上射亲吏卒之数,命近臣与殿前、马步军司阅之。其射亲入第四至第七等,量先给赐;入第三等已上及挽强、蹠硬中格,悉引对亲阅;等数多者,其正副指挥使亦第赐金帛。"诏以所定格班教诸军。四年,遣官以陕西阵法分教河北军士。

  五年,密诏益、利、梓、夔路钤辖司,以弓弩习士卒,候民间观听浸熟,即便以短兵日教三十人,十日一易。知并州明镐言:"臣近籍诸营武艺之卒,使带甲试充奇兵外,为三等,庶几主将悉知军中武技强弱,临敌可用。"诏颁其法三路。范仲淹请以带甲射一石充奇兵,余自九斗至七斗第为三等,射力及等即升之。诏著为令。

  六年,诏诸军夏三月毋教弓弩,止习短兵。又诏:"以春秋大教弓射一石四斗、弩彍三石八斗、枪刀手胜三人者,立为武艺出众格。中者,本营阙阶级即以次补。"

  至和元年,诏:"诸军选将校,武艺钧,以射亲为上。"韩琦又言:"奉诏,军士弩彍四石二斗并弓箭、枪手应旧规选中者,即给挺补守阙押官,然则排连旧制为虚文矣。请三路兵遇春秋大教,武技出众者优给赏物,免本营他役,候阶级阙,如旧制选补。"奏可。

  治平二年,诏:"河北战卒三十万一千、陕西四十五万九百并义勇等,委总管司训练,毋得冗占。"

  熙宁元年,诏曰:"国家置兵以备战守,而主兵之官冗占者众,肄习弗时,或误军事。帅臣、安抚、监司其察所部有占兵不如令者以闻。"十月,枢密院请陕西、河东选三班使臣及士人任殿侍者,以为河北诸路指使,教习骑军。或言河朔兵有教阅之名而无其实,请班教法于其军,久而弗能者,罢为厢军。奏可。

  二年,帝常语执政:"并边训练士卒,何以得其精熟?"安石对曰:"京东所教兵已精强,愿陛下推此法以责边将,间诏其兵亲临阅试。训练简阅有不如诏者罚之,而赏其能者。赏不遣贱,罚不避贵,则法行而将吏加劝,士卒无不奋励矣。"九月,选置指使巡教诸军,殿前司四人,马、步军司各三人。

  三年,帝亲阅河东所教排手,进退轻捷,不畏矢石。遂诏殿前司,步军指挥当出戍者,内择枪刀手伉健者百人,教如河东法,艺精者免役使,以优奖之。

  五年四月,诏在京殿前马步诸军巡教使臣,并以春秋分行校试。射命中者第赐银楪,兵房置籍考校,以多少定殿最。五月,诏以泾原路蔡挺衙教阵队于崇政殿引见,仍颁诸路。其法:五伍为队,五队为阵,阵横列,骑兵二队亦五伍列之。其出皆以鼓为节,束草象人而射焉,中者有赏。马步皆前三行枪刀,后二行弓弩,附队以虎蹲弩、床子弩各一,射与击刺迭出,皆闻金即退。预籍人马之强者隐于队中,遇可用,则别出为奇。帝以其点阅周悉,常有出野之备,故令颁行。

  六年,诏:"河北四路承平日久,重于改作,苟遂因循,益隳军制。其以京东武卫等六十二营隶属诸路,分番教习,余军并分遣主兵官训练。"九月,诏:"自今巡教使臣校殿最,虽以十分为率,其事艺第一等及九分已上,或射亲及四分,虽殿,除其罚;第二等事艺及八分,或射亲不及三分,虽最,削其赏。"十月,选泾原士兵之善射者,以教河朔骑军驰骤野战。帝曰:"裁并军营,凡省军员四千余人,此十万军之资也。傥训练精勇,人得其用,不惟胜敌,亦以省财。"安石等曰:"陛下频年选择使臣,专务训练,间御便殿躬亲试阅,赏罚既明,士卒皆奋。观其技艺之精,一人为数夫之敌,此实国家安危所系也。"是时,帝初置内教法,旬一御便殿阅武,校程其能否而劝沮之,士无不争劝者。

  七年,诏教阅战法,主将度地之形,随宜施行。二月,诏:"自今岁一遣使,按视五路安抚使以下及提举教阅诸军、义勇、保甲官,课其优劣以闻而诛赏之。"

  八年,诏:"在京诸军营屯迫隘,马无所调习。比创四教场,益宽大,可以驰骋。其令骑军就教者,日轮一营,以马走骤阅习。"五月,臧景陈马射六事:一、顺騣直射,二、背射,三、盘马射,四、射亲,五、野战,六、轮弄,各为说以晓射者。诏依此教习。八月,帝令曾孝宽视教营阵。大阅八军阵于荆家陂,讫事大赏。

  元丰元年十月,诏立在京校试诸军技艺格,第为上中下三等。步射,六发而三中为一等,二中为二等,一中为三等。马射,五发骤马直射三矢、背射二矢,中数、等如步射法。弩射,自六中至二中,床子弩及炮自三中至一中,为及等。并赏银有差。枪刀并标排手角胜负,计所胜第赏。其弓弩坠落,或纵矢不及堋,或挽弓破体,或局而不张,或矢不满,或弩蹠不上牙,或擭不发,或身倒足落,并为不合格。即射已中赏,余箭不合格者,降一等,无可降者罢之。

  是月,贾逵、燕达等言:"近者增损东南排弩队法,与东南所用兵械不同,请止依东南队法,以弩手代小排。若去敌稍远则施箭,近则左手持弩如小排架隔,右手执刀以备斩伐,与长兵相参为用。"诏可,其枪手仍以标兼习。十一月,京西将刘元言:"马军教习不成,请降步军,又不成,降厢军。"乃下令诸军,约一季不能学者,如所请降之。十二月,诏:"开封府界、京东西将兵,十人以一人习马射,受教于中都所遣教头。在京步军诸营弓箭手,亦十人以一人习马射,受教于教习马军所。艺成,则展转分教于其军。"

  二年四月,遣内侍石得一阅视京西第五将所教马军。五月,得一言其教习无状,诏本将陈宗等具折。宗等引罪,帝责曰:"朝廷比以四方骄悍为可虞,选置将臣分总禁旅,俾时训肄,以待非常。至于部勒规模,悉经朕虑,前后告戒已极周详。使宗等稍异木石,亦宜略知人意。尸禄日久,既顽且慵,苟遂矜宽,实难励众,可并勒停。"是月,诏殿前、步军司兵各置都教头掌隶教习之事,弩手五营、弓箭手十营、枪刀标排手五营各选一人武艺优者奏补。逐司各举散直一人为指使,罢巡教使臣。是日,诏河东、陕西诸路:"旧制,马军自十月一日驰射野战,至谷雨日止。塞上地凉,自今教起八月,止五月一日。"七月,诏诸路教阅禁军毋过两时。九月,内出教法格并图象颁行之。步射执弓、发矢、运手、举足、移步,及马射、马使蕃枪、马上野战格斗,步用标排,皆有法象,凡千余言,使军士诵习焉。

  四年五月,诏东南诸路转运、提点刑狱司,体量将兵自降教阅新法之后,军士有所倍费以闻。盖自团立将兵以来,军人日新教阅,旧资技艺以给私费者,悉无暇为故也。

  六年,从郭忠绍之请,步军弩手第一等者,令兼习神臂弓。

  七年八月,诏开封府界、京东西路专选监司提举教阅。神宗留心武备,既命立武学、校《七书》以训武举之士,又颁兵法以肄军旅,微妙渊通,取成于心,群臣莫望焉。

  元祐元年四月,右司谏苏辙上言:"诸道禁军自置将以来,日夜按习武艺,将兵皆蚤晚两教,新募之士或终日不得休息。今平居无事,朝夕虐之以教阅,使无遗力以治生事,衣食殚尽,憔悴无聊,缓急安得其死力?请使禁军,除新募未习之人,其余日止一教。是月,朝请郎任公裕言:"军中诵习新法,愚懵者颇以为苦。夫射志于中,而击刺格斗期于胜,岂必尽能如法?"枢密院亦以为元降教阅新法自合教者指授,不当令兵众例诵。诏从之。九月,枢密院奏:"异时马军教御阵外,更教马射。其法:全队驰马皆重行为’之’字,透空发矢,可迭出,最便利。近岁专用顺鬃直射、抹鞦背射法,止可轻骑挑战,即用众乃不能重列,非便。请自今营阅排日,马军’之’字射与立背射,隔日互教。"诏可。

  三年五月,罢提举教习马军所。

  六年六月,三衙申枢密院,乞近伏七十日依令式放诸军教。王严叟白韩忠彦曰:"景德故事,皆内侍省检举传宣,今但岁举为常,则不复见朝廷恩意。"忠彦以为然,又开陈太皇太后。曰:"如此则为常事,待处分内侍省。"遂诏:"今后入状,遣中侍传宣诸军住教。"

  绍圣元年三月,枢密院言:"禁军春秋大教赏法,每千人增取二百一十人,给赏有差。"从之。

  二年二月,枢密院言:"马军自九月至三月,每十日一次出城氵率渲,教习回答野战走骤向背施放,遇风雪假故权住。"从之。

  三年五月,诏在京、府界诸路禁军格斗法,自今并依元丰条法教习。七月,诏选弩手兼习神臂弓。八月,诏:"殿前、马步军司见管教头,别选事艺精强、通晓教像体法者,展转教习。其弓箭手马、步射射亲,用点药包指及第二指知镞,并如元丰格法。"是月,又诏复神臂弓射法为百二十步。

  元符元年十月,曾布既上巡教使臣罚格,因言:"祖宗以来,御将士常使恩归人主,而威令在管军。凡申严军政,岂待朝廷立法而后施行耶?是管军失职矣。"帝深以为然。

  政和元年二月,诏:"春秋大教,诸军弓弩斗力,并依元丰旧制。"

  四年五月,臣僚上言:"神臂弓垛远百二十步,给箭十只,取五中为合格,军中少得该赏,恐惰于习射。送殿前、马步军司勘会,将中贴箭数并改为上垛,其一中贴此两上垛。"从之。

  五年三月,诏:"自今敢占留将兵,不赴教阅,并以违御笔论。不按举者,如其罪。"十一月,臣僚言:"春秋大教,诸军弓弩上取斗力高强,其射亲中多者,激赏太薄,无以为劝。"诏依元丰法。

  八年,诏州郡禁军出戍外,常留五分在州教阅,从毛友之请也。

  重和元年正月,而兵部侍郎宇文粹中进对,论禁军训练不精,多充杂役。帝曰:"祖宗军旅之法最为密致,神考尤加意训习,近来兵官浸以弛慢。古者春振旅,夏茇舍,秋治兵,冬大阅,皆于农隙以讲事,大司马教战之法,大宗伯大田之礼,细论周制,大抵军旅之政,六卿无有不总之者。今士人作守倅,任劝农事,不以劝耕稼为职;管军府事,不以督训练为意。自今如役使班直及禁卫者,当差人捉探惩戒。更候日长,即亲御教阅激赏。"寻以粹中所奏参照条令行之。

  宣和三年四月,立骑射赏法,其背射上垛中贴者,依步射法推赏。

  靖康元年二月,诏:"军兵久失教习,当汰冗滥。今三衙与诸将招军,惟务增数希赏,但及等杖,不问勇怯。招收既不精当,教习又不以时,杂色占破,十居三四。今宜招兵之际,精加拣择,既系军籍,专使教习,不得以杂色拘占。又神臂弓、马黄弩乃中国长技,宜多行教习,以扞边骑。仍令间用衣甲教阅,庶使习熟。"四月,诏复置教场,春秋大阅,及复内教法以激赏之。

  阵法 熙宁二年十一月,赵禼乞讲求诸葛亮八阵法,以授边将,使之应变。诏郭逵同禼讲求,相度地形,定为阵图闻奏。

  五年四月,诏蔡挺先进教阅阵图。帝尝谓:"今之边臣无知奇正之体者,况奇正之变乎!且天地五行之数不过五,五阵之变,出于自然,非强为之。"宰相韩绛因请诸帅臣各具战阵之法来上,取其所长,立以为法。从之。帝患诸将军行无行阵之法,尝曰:"李靖结三人为队必有意。星书,羽林皆以三人为队,靖深晓此,非无据也。"乃令贾逵、郭固试之。十二月,知通远军王韶请降合行条约,诏赐御制《攻守图》、《行军环珠》、《武经总要》、《神武秘略》、《风角集占》、《四路战守约束》各一部,余令关秦凤路经略司抄录。

  六年,诏诸路经略司,结队并依李靖法,三人为一小队,九人为一中队,赏罚俟成序日取裁。其队伍及器甲之数,依泾原路牙教法。九月,赵禼言:"欲自今大阅汉蕃阵队,且以万二千五百人为法,旌旗麾帜各随方色。战国时,大将之旗以龟为饰,盖取前列先知之义。令中军亦宜以龟为号。其八队旗,别绘天、地、风、云、龙、虎、鸟、蛇。天、地则象其方园,风、云则状其飞扬,龙、虎则状其猛厉,鸟、蛇则状其翔盘之势,以备大阅。"枢密院以为阵队旗号若绘八物,应士众难辨,且其间亦有无形可绘者。遂诏止依方色,仍异其形制,令勿杂而已。

  七年,又命吕惠卿、曾孝宽比校三五结队法。十月,以新定结队法并赏罚格及置阵形势等,遣近侍李宪付赵禼曰:"阵法之详已令宪面谕,今所图止是一小阵,卿其从容析问,宪必一一有说。然置阵法度,久失其传,今朕一旦据意所得,率尔为法,恐有未尽,宜无避忌,但具奏来。"继又诏曰:"近令李宪赍新定结队法并赏罚格付卿,同议可否,因以团立将官,更置阵法,卿必深悉朝廷经画之意。如日近可了,宜令李宪赍赴阙。"禼奏曰:

  置阵之法,以结队为先。李靖以五十人为一队,每三人自相得者结为一小队,合三小队为一中队,合五中队为一大队,余押官、队头、副队头、左右傔旗五人即充五十,并相依附。今圣制:每一大队合五中队,五十人为之;中队合三小队,九人为之;小队合三人为之,亦择心意相得者。又选壮勇善枪者一人为旗头,令自择如己艺、心相得者二人为左右傔;次选勇悍者人为引战;又选军校一人执刀在后,为拥队。凡队内一人用命,二人应援;小队用命,中队应援;中队用命,大队应援;大队用命,小队应援。如逗挠观望不即赴救,致有陷失者,本队委拥队军校,次队委本辖队将,审观不救所由,斩之。其有不可救,或赴救不及,或身自受敌,体被重创,但非可救者,皆不坐。其说虽与古同,而用法尤为精密。此盖陛下天锡勇智,不学而能也。

  然议者谓四十五人而一长,不若五人而一长之密。且以五人而一长,即五十人而十长也,推之于百千万,则为长者多,而统制一也。至如周制:五人为伍,属之比长;五伍为两,属之闾胥;四两为卒,属之族师;五卒为旅,属之党正;五旅为师,属之州长;五师为军,属之命卿。此犹今之军制,百人为都,五都为营,五营为军,十军为厢。自厢都指挥使而下,各有节级,有员品,亦昔之比长、闾胥、族师、党正之任也。

  议者谓什伍之制,于都法为便,然都法恐非临阵对敌决胜之术也。况八阵之法,久失其传,圣制一新,稽之前闻,若合符节。夫法一定,易以致人。敌好击虚,吾以虚形之;敌好背实,吾以实形之。然而所击者非其虚,所背者非其实,故逸能劳之,饱能饥之,此所谓致人而不致于人也。

  七年七月,诏诸路安抚使各具可用阵队法,及访求知阵队法者以闻。九月,崇仪使郭固以同详定古今阵法赐对,于是内出《攻守图》二十五部付河北。

  八年二月,帝批:"见校试七军营阵,以分数不齐,前后抵牾,难为施用。可令见校试官摭其可取者,草定八军法以闻。"初,诏枢密院曰:"唐李靖兵法,世无全书,杂见《通典》,离析讹舛。又官号物名与今称谓不同,武人将佐多不能通其意。令枢密院检详官与王震、曾收、王白、郭逢原等校正,分类解释,令今可行。"又命枢密院副都承旨张诚一、入内押班李宪与震、逢原行视宽广处,用马步军二千八百人教李靖营阵法。以步军副都指挥使杨遂为都大提举,诚一、宪为同提举,震、逢原参议公事,夏元象、臧景等为将副、部队将、干当公事,凡三十九人。

  诚一等初用李靖六花阵法,约受兵二万人为率,为七军,内虞候军各二千八百人,取战兵千九百人为七十六队,战兵内每军弩手三百,弓手三百,马军五百,跳荡四百,奇兵四百,辎重每军九百,是为二千八百人。帝谕近臣曰:

  黄帝始置八阵法,败蚩尤于涿鹿。诸葛亮造八阵图于鱼复平沙之上,垒石为八行。晋桓温见之,曰:"常山蛇势。"此即九军阵法也。至隋韩擒虎深明其法,以授其甥李靖。靖以时遇久乱,将臣通晓者颇多,故造六花阵以变九军之法,使世人不能晓之。大抵八阵即九军,九军者,方阵也。六花阵即七军,七军者,圆阵也。盖阵以圆为体,方阵者内圆而外方,圆阵即内外俱圆矣。故以方圆物验之,则方以八包一,圆以六包一,此九军六花阵之大体也。六军者,左右虞候军各一,为二虞候军;左右厢各二,为四厢军;与中军共为七军。八阵者,加前后二军,共为九军。开国以来,置殿前、马步军三帅,即中军、前后军帅之别名;而马步军都虞候是为二虞候军,天武、捧日、龙神卫四厢是为四厢军也。中军帅总制九军,即殿前都虞候,专总中军一军之事务,是其名实与古九军及六花阵相符而不少差也。今论兵者俱以唐李筌《太白阴经》中阵图为法,失之远矣。

  朕尝览近日臣僚所献阵图,皆妄相眩惑,无一可取。果如其说,则两敌相遇,必须遣使豫约战日,择宽平之地,夷阜塞壑,诛草伐木,如射圃教场,方可尽其法尔。以理推之,其不可用决矣。今可约李靖法为九军营阵之制。然李筌图乃营法,非阵法也。朕采古之法,酌今之宜,曰营曰阵,本出于一法,特止曰营,行曰阵;在奇正言之,则营为正、阵为奇也。

  于是以八月大阅八军阵于城南荆家陂。已事,赐遂而下至指使、马步军银绢有差。

  八年,诏诸路权住教五军阵,止教四御阵。

  九年四月,帝于辅臣论营阵法,谓:"为将者少知将兵之理,且八军、六军皆大将居中,大将譬则心也,诸军,四体也。运其心智,以身使臂,以臂使指,攻左则右救,攻右则左救,前后亦然,则军何由败也!"

  元丰四年,以九军法一军营阵按阅于城南好草陂,已事,奖谕。

  七年,诏:"已降五阵法,令诸将教习,其旧教阵法并罢。"盖九军营阵为方、圆、曲、直、锐,凡五变,是为五阵。

  元祐元年,高翔言,乞以御阵与新阵法相兼教阅,从之。盖元丰七年,诏专用五阵法,而旧教御阵遂废;至是,复令互教。

  绍圣三年,复罢教御阵。

  大观二年,诏以五阵法颁行诸路。

  靖康元年,监察御史胡舜陟奏:"通直郎秦元所著兵书、阵图、师律三策、大八阵图一、小图二,皆酌古之法,参今之宜,博而知要,实为可用。"诏令赐对。当时君臣虽无雄谋远略,然犹切切焉以经武为心。

  高宗建炎元年,始颁枢密院教阅法,专习制御摧锋破敌之艺、全副执带出入、短桩神臂弓、长柄刀、马射穿甲、木挺。每岁拟春秋教阅法,立新格。神臂弓日给箭二十,射亲去垛百二十步。刀长丈二尺以上,毡皮裹之,引斗五十二次,不令刀头至地。每营选二十人阅习,经两阅者五十人为一队,教习分合,随队多少,分隶五军。每军各置旗号,前军绯旗,飞鸟为号;后军皂旗,龟为号;左军青旗,蛟为号;右军白旗,虎为号;中军黄旗,神人为号。又别以五色物号制招旗、分旗。举招旗,则五军以旗相应,合而成阵;举分旗,则五军以旗相应,分而成队。左右前却,或分藏为伏,或分出为奇,皆举旗为号。更鸣小金、应鼓,备瞻望不及者。豫约伏藏之所,缓鸣小金即止,急鸣应鼓即奇兵出阵趍战,急鸣小金即伏兵出。其春秋大教推赏,依海行格法。

  李纲言:"水战之利,南方所宜。沿河、淮、海、江帅府、要郡,宜效古制造战船,以运转轻捷安稳为良。又习火攻,以焚敌舟。"诏命杨观复往江、浙措置,河、淮别委官。三年,亲阅水军于镇江登云门外。

  绍兴四年,诏内殿按阅神武中军官兵推赏。

  二十四年,臣僚言:"州郡禁卒,远方纵驰,多不训练,春秋教阅,临时备数,乞申严旧制。"

  三十一年,诏:"比闻诸路州厢、禁军、土军,有司擅私役,妨教阅。帅府其严责守兵勤兵归营,训练精熟,以备点视。"

  孝宗乾道二年,幸候潮门外,次幸白石阅兵,三衙率将佐道驾,射生官兵就御辇下献所获。是日,有数将独手运大刀,上曰:"刀重几何?"李舜举奏:"刀皆重数十斤。"有旨:"卿等教阅精明。"又谕陈敏曰:"军马衣装整肃如此。"特锡赉鞍马、金带,士卒推赏有差。

  四年,幸茅滩教阅。举黄旗,连三鼓,变方阵;五鼓,举白旗,变圆阵;次二鼓,举赤旗,变锐阵;青旗,变直阵。毕事,上大悦,赏赉加倍。兵分东西,呈大刀、火炮,上问李舜举:"按阅比曩时如何?"舜举奏:"今日之兵,陛下亲训练,抚以深恩,锡以重赏,忠勇倍常。"

  乾道中,诏弓箭手元射一石四斗力升加三斗,元射一石力升加五斗,弩手元射四石力升加五斗,元射两石七斗力升加八斗,进秩推赏有差。宰执进射亲赏格,虞允文曰:"拍试以斗力升请给,今用射亲定赏,恐不加意斗力。"上曰:"然。他日虽强弓弩可以取胜,若止习射亲,则斗力不进。此赏格不须行。"

  淳熙间,立枪手及射铁帘格。上谓辅臣曰:"闻射铁帘,诸军鼓跃奋厉。"周必大曰:"兵久不用,此辈无进取,自然气惰。今陛下激劝告戒,人人皆胜兵。"于是殿前、步军司诸军及马军旧司弓弩手,射铁帘合格兵共一千八百四十余。诏中垛帘弓箭手一石二斗力十箭,弩手四石力八箭,依格进两秩,各赐钱百缗;弓箭手一石力十箭以上,弩手三石力八箭,各进两秩。诏中外诸军赏格亦如之。

  绍熙元年,诏殿司:"许浦水军并江上水军岁春、秋两教外,每月轮阅习。沿海水军准是。"知徽州徐谊言:"诸路禁军,近法以十分为率,二分习弓,六分习弩,余二分习枪、牌。习弓者听兼习弩,斗力可以观其进退,射亲可以察其能否。勤惰之实,人有稽考。"诏下诸路遵守之。执政胡晋臣言:"比年用射铁帘推赏,往往获迁秩,是亦足以作成人才。"上曰:"射铁帘不难,此赏格太滥,其专以武艺精熟为尚。"

  二年,枢密院言:"殿、步司诸军弓箭手,带甲六十步射,一石二斗力,箭十二,六箭中垛为本等。弩手,带甲百步射,四石力,箭十二,五箭中垛为本等。枪手,驻足举手撺刺,以四十撺为本等。主帅委统制、统领较其艺。本等外取升加多者,每军五千五百人以上弓、弩、枪手各十五人,诣主帅审实,上枢密院覆试。各择优等二人升转两秩,余人给钱五缗,俟将来再试。"

  庆元二年,幸候潮门外大阅。

  嘉泰二年,诏将按阅诸军,赏赉依庆元二年增给。

  宝庆二年,莫泽言:"州郡禁军,平时则以防寇盗,有事则以备戎行,实录于朝廷,非州郡可得私役。比年州郡军政隳废,吝于廪给,阙额恒多。郡官、主兵官有窠占,寓公有借事,存留者不什一。当教阅时,钤、总、路分虽号主兵,仅守虚籍,莫敢号召。入教之次,坐作进退殆同儿戏。守臣利虚券不招填,主兵受厚赂改年甲。且一兵请给,岁不下百缗,以小计之,一郡占三百人,是虚费三万缗也。私役禁军,素有常宪。守帅辟园池,建第宅,不给餐钱;寓公去城辽绝,类得借兵,扰害乡闾。近而辅郡至有寓公占四五百兵者。良由兵官之权轻,而私占之禁弛也。乞严戒监司、守倅等,止许借厢军,仍不得妨教阅,余官虽厢军亦勿借。"

  淳祐十一年,台臣条陈军匠不闲阅习之弊:"按旧制,禁兵毋私役。比岁凡州军屯营驻紥之处,多循旧习,每一州军匠无虑数百,官无小大各占破,而雕镂、组绣、攻金、设色之事靡所不有。工艺虽精,击刺不习,设有小警,何能授甲?乞申严帅守及统兵官,应军匠听归营伍闲习训练,勿竞作无益,虚糜廪稍,以妨军实。"

  咸淳初,臣僚言:"诸军统领、统制、正将、副将正欲在军训练,闲于武事,一有调用,令下即行,士悉将智,将悉士勇,所向无敌。今江南州郡、沿江制阃置帐前官,专任营运,不为军计,实为家谋,绝无战阵新功,率从帐前升差。大略一军仅二三千,而使臣至五六百,以供杂役。"

  九年,臣僚言:"比者招募军兵,一时徒取充数,以觊赏格。涅刺之后,更不教阅。主兵官苦以劳役,日夜罔休,一或少违,即罹囹圄,榜掠之酷,兵不堪命,而死者逃者接踵也。今请以新招军分隶诸队,使之熟纪律,习事艺,或旬或月上各郡阅试。"盖弊至于此,而训练之制大坏矣。

  《宋史》 元·脱脱等
拼音版对照
    ◎ bing jiu

  ○ xun lian zhi zhi

   xun lian zhi zhi jin jun yue feng wu bai yi shang, jie ri xi wu ji。 san bai yi xia, huo gei yi, huo xi ji。 qi hou bie mu xiang bing, yi yue xi wu ji, hao jiao yue xiang jun。 shu chuan、 guang zhe jiu bu xun lian, jia? yi hou shao xi yan。 fan zhu ri xi zhi fa, yi gu sheng wei jie, qi bing wu xi, bu bing si xi, yi qi zuo zuo jin tui fei shi yu liang jun xiang dang zhe ran。 zi song chu yi lai, zhong wai zhu jun jie yong zhi。

   ming dao er nian, shu mi shi wang shu yan:" tian xia xiang jun zhi gei yi er wei chang xi wu ji, yi qu cai yong zhe xun yi, sheng bu jin jun。" shang ke qi zou。

   kang ding yuan nian, di yu bian dian yue zhu jun zhen fa。 yi zhe wei zhu jun zhi jiao zuo zuo jin tui, sui zheng su ke guan, ran lin di nan yong, qing zi jin qian guan yue zhen bi, ling jie deng yi gong nu she。 ying zhi gong san deng, zi yi shi zhi ba dou; nu si deng, zi er shi ba dou zhi er shi wu dou, yi ci yue xi。 zhao xing zhi shan xi、 he dong、 he bei lu。 shi sui, zhao:" jiao shi bu ren dai jin ge, huan ji bu zu yi ying di。 zi jin zhu jun ge yu kai jia shi、 ma jia wu, ling die pi dai。" you ming zhu jun ban ting xi za wu ji, wu zhe jin zhi。

   qing li yuan nian, xi bian bing bu jiao zhe yu nei jun, qi xi wu ji ji qian shu bian。

   er nian, zhu jun yi she qin shu wei shang fa, zhong de zhe mian shi yue zhu yi, reng ji qi ming。 que xiao chang, ze an ji qu zhong duo zhe bu。 shu mi zhi xue shi yang xie qing jiao qi bing zhi she jiu dou zhi qi dou san deng gong, hua de wei wu yun, qu de er shi bu, yin man ji fa, she zhong zhe, shi yun shu gei qian wei shang。 qi bing pei pi zhen dao, xun yi shi yi mu gan dai zhi。 zou ke。

   si nian, zhao:" qi bing dai jia she bu neng fa shi zhe, duo suo cheng ma yu ben ying yi you shi zu。" han qi yan:" jiao she wei shi ti rong ji qiang gong, bu xi she qin bu ke yi lin zhen。 chen zhi bian, chang ding gong nu wan qiang、? ying、 she qin ge, yuan xing zhu jun li shang yi xi。 sui yi chun qiu er shi ge yi yue, zhu ying xian shang she qin li zu zhi shu, ming jin chen yu dian qian、 ma bu jun si yue zhi。 qi she qin ru di si zhi di qi deng, liang xian gei ci; ru di san deng yi shang ji wan qiang、? ying zhong ge, xi yin dui qin yue; deng shu duo zhe, qi zheng fu zhi hui shi yi di ci jin bo。" zhao yi suo ding ge ban jiao zhu jun。 si nian, qian guan yi shan xi zhen fa fen jiao he bei jun shi。

   wu nian, mi zhao yi、 li、 zi、 kui lu qian xia si, yi gong nu xi shi zu, hou min jian guan ting jin shu, ji bian yi duan bing ri jiao san shi ren, shi ri yi yi。 zhi bing zhou ming hao yan:" chen jin ji zhu ying wu yi zhi zu, shi dai jia shi chong qi bing wai, wei san deng, shu ji zhu jiang xi zhi jun zhong wu ji qiang ruo, lin di ke yong。" zhao ban qi fa san lu。 fan zhong yan qing yi dai jia she yi shi chong qi bing, yu zi jiu dou zhi qi dou di wei san deng, she li ji deng ji sheng zhi。 zhao zhu wei ling。

   liu nian, zhao zhu jun xia san yue wu jiao gong nu, zhi xi duan bing。 you zhao:" yi chun qiu da jiao gong she yi shi si dou、 nu?? san shi ba dou、 qiang dao shou sheng san ren zhe, li wei wu yi chu zhong ge。 zhong zhe, ben ying que jie ji ji yi ci bu。"

   zhi he yuan nian, zhao:" zhu jun xuan jiang xiao, wu yi jun, yi she qin wei shang。" han qi you yan:" feng zhao, jun shi nu?? si shi er dou bing gong jian、 qiang shou ying jiu gui xuan zhong zhe, ji gei ting bu shou que ya guan, ran ze pai lian jiu zhi wei xu wen yi。 qing san lu bing yu chun qiu da jiao, wu ji chu zhong zhe you gei shang wu, mian ben ying ta yi, hou jie ji que, ru jiu zhi xuan bu。" zou ke。

   zhi ping er nian, zhao:" he bei zhan zu san shi wan yi qian、 shan xi si shi wu wan jiu bai bing yi yong deng, wei zong guan si xun lian, wu de rong zhan。"

   xi ning yuan nian, zhao yue:" guo jia zhi bing yi bei zhan shou, er zhu bing zhi guan rong zhan zhe zhong, yi xi fu shi, huo wu jun shi。 shuai chen、 an fu、 jian si qi cha suo bu you zhan bing bu ru ling zhe yi wen。" shi yue, shu mi yuan qing shan xi、 he dong xuan san ban shi chen ji shi ren ren dian shi zhe, yi wei he bei zhu lu zhi shi, jiao xi qi jun。 huo yan he shuo bing you jiao yue zhi ming er wu qi shi, qing ban jiao fa yu qi jun, jiu er fu neng zhe, ba wei xiang jun。 zou ke。

   er nian, di chang yu zhi zheng:" bing bian xun lian shi zu, he yi de qi jing shu?" an shi dui yue:" jing dong suo jiao bing yi jing qiang, yuan bi xia tui ci fa yi ze bian jiang, jian zhao qi bing qin lin yue shi。 xun lian jian yue you bu ru zhao zhe fa zhi, er shang qi neng zhe。 shang bu qian jian, fa bu bi gui, ze fa xing er jiang li jia quan, shi zu wu bu fen li yi。" jiu yue, xuan zhi zhi shi xun jiao zhu jun, dian qian si si ren, ma、 bu jun si ge san ren。

   san nian, di qin yue he dong suo jiao pai shou, jin tui qing jie, bu wei shi shi。 sui zhao dian qian si, bu jun zhi hui dang chu shu zhe, nei ze qiang dao shou kang jian zhe bai ren, jiao ru he dong fa, yi jing zhe mian yi shi, yi you jiang zhi。

   wu nian si yue, zhao zai jing dian qian ma bu zhu jun xun jiao shi chen, bing yi chun qiu fen xing xiao shi。 she ming zhong zhe di ci yin?G, bing fang zhi ji kao xiao, yi duo shao ding dian zui。 wu yue, zhao yi jing yuan lu cai ting ya jiao zhen dui yu chong zheng dian yin jian, reng ban zhu lu。 qi fa: wu wu wei dui, wu dui wei zhen, zhen heng lie, qi bing er dui yi wu wu lie zhi。 qi chu jie yi gu wei jie, shu cao xiang ren er she yan, zhong zhe you shang。 ma bu jie qian san xing qiang dao, hou er xing gong nu, fu dui yi hu dun nu、 chuang zi nu ge yi, she yu ji ci die chu, jie wen jin ji tui。 yu ji ren ma zhi qiang zhe yin yu dui zhong, yu ke yong, ze bie chu wei qi。 di yi qi dian yue zhou xi, chang you chu ye zhi bei, gu ling ban xing。

   liu nian, zhao:" he bei si lu cheng ping ri jiu, zhong yu gai zuo, gou sui yin xun, yi hui jun zhi。 qi yi jing dong wu wei deng liu shi er ying li shu zhu lu, fen fan jiao xi, yu jun bing fen qian zhu bing guan xun lian。" jiu yue, zhao:" zi jin xun jiao shi chen xiao dian zui, sui yi shi fen wei lv, qi shi yi di yi deng ji jiu fen yi shang, huo she qin ji si fen, sui dian, chu qi fa; di er deng shi yi ji ba fen, huo she qin bu ji san fen, sui zui, xue qi shang。" shi yue, xuan jing yuan shi bing zhi shan she zhe, yi jiao he shuo qi jun chi zhou ye zhan。 di yue:" cai bing jun ying, fan sheng jun yuan si qian yu ren, ci shi wan jun zhi zi ye。 tang xun lian jing yong, ren de qi yong, bu wei sheng di, yi yi sheng cai。" an shi deng yue:" bi xia pin nian xuan ze shi chen, zhuan wu xun lian, jian yu bian dian gong qin shi yue, shang fa ji ming, shi zu jie fen。 guan qi ji yi zhi jing, yi ren wei shu fu zhi di, ci shi guo jia an wei suo xi ye。" shi shi, di chu zhi nei jiao fa, xun yi yu bian dian yue wu, xiao cheng qi neng fou er quan ju zhi, shi wu bu zheng quan zhe。

   qi nian, zhao jiao yue zhan fa, zhu jiang du di zhi xing, sui yi shi xing。 er yue, zhao:" zi jin sui yi qian shi, an shi wu lu an fu shi yi xia ji ti ju jiao yue zhu jun、 yi yong、 bao jia guan, ke qi you lie yi wen er zhu shang zhi。"

   ba nian, zhao:" zai jing zhu jun ying tun po ai, ma wu suo tiao xi。 bi chuang si jiao chang, yi kuan da, ke yi chi cheng。 qi ling qi jun jiu jiao zhe, ri lun yi ying, yi ma zou zhou yue xi。" wu yue, zang jing chen ma she liu shi: yi、 shun? zhi she, er、 bei she, san、 pan ma she, si、 she qin, wu、 ye zhan, liu、 lun nong, ge wei shuo yi xiao she zhe。 zhao yi ci jiao xi。 ba yue, di ling zeng xiao kuan shi jiao ying zhen。 da yue ba jun zhen yu jing jia bei, qi shi da shang。

   yuan feng yuan nian shi yue, zhao li zai jing xiao shi zhu jun ji yi ge, di wei shang zhong xia san deng。 bu she, liu fa er san zhong wei yi deng, er zhong wei er deng, yi zhong wei san deng。 ma she, wu fa zhou ma zhi she san shi、 bei she er shi, zhong shu、 deng ru bu she fa。 nu she, zi liu zhong zhi er zhong, chuang zi nu ji pao zi san zhong zhi yi zhong, wei ji deng。 bing shang yin you cha。 qiang dao bing biao pai shou jiao sheng fu, ji suo sheng di shang。 qi gong nu zhui luo, huo zong shi bu ji peng, huo wan gong po ti, huo ju er bu zhang, huo shi bu man, huo nu? bu shang ya, huo?N bu fa, huo shen dao zu luo, bing wei bu he ge。 ji she yi zhong shang, yu jian bu he ge zhe, jiang yi deng, wu ke jiang zhe ba zhi。

   shi yue, jia kui、 yan da deng yan:" jin zhe zeng sun dong nan pai nu dui fa, yu dong nan suo yong bing xie bu tong, qing zhi yi dong nan dui fa, yi nu shou dai xiao pai。 ruo qu di shao yuan ze shi jian, jin ze zuo shou chi nu ru xiao pai jia ge, you shou zhi dao yi bei zhan fa, yu chang bing xiang can wei yong。" zhao ke, qi qiang shou reng yi biao jian xi。 shi yi yue, jing xi jiang liu yuan yan:" ma jun jiao xi bu cheng, qing jiang bu jun, you bu cheng, jiang xiang jun。" nai xia ling zhu jun, yue yi ji bu neng xue zhe, ru suo qing jiang zhi。 shi er yue, zhao:" kai feng fu jie、 jing dong xi jiang bing, shi ren yi yi ren xi ma she, shou jiao yu zhong dou suo qian jiao tou。 zai jing bu jun zhu ying gong jian shou, yi shi ren yi yi ren xi ma she, shou jiao yu jiao xi ma jun suo。 yi cheng, ze zhan zhuan fen jiao yu qi jun。"

   er nian si yue, qian nei shi shi de yi yue shi jing xi di wu jiang suo jiao ma jun。 wu yue, de yi yan qi jiao xi wu zhuang, zhao ben jiang chen zong deng ju zhe。 zong deng yin zui, di ze yue:" chao ting bi yi si fang jiao han wei ke yu, xuan zhi jiang chen fen zong jin lv, bi shi xun yi, yi dai fei chang。 zhi yu bu le gui mo, xi jing zhen lv, qian hou gao jie yi ji zhou xiang。 shi zong deng shao yi mu shi, yi yi lve zhi ren yi。 shi lu ri jiu, ji wan qie yong, gou sui jin kuan, shi nan li zhong, ke bing le ting。" shi yue, zhao dian qian、 bu jun si bing ge zhi dou jiao tou zhang li jiao xi zhi shi, nu shou wu ying、 gong jian shou shi ying、 qiang dao biao pai shou wu ying ge xuan yi ren wu yi you zhe zou bu。 zhu si ge ju san zhi yi ren wei zhi shi, ba xun jiao shi chen。 shi ri, zhao he dong、 shan xi zhu lu:" jiu zhi, ma jun zi shi yue yi ri chi she ye zhan, zhi gu yu ri zhi。 sai shang di liang, zi jin jiao qi ba yue, zhi wu yue yi ri。" qi yue, zhao zhu lu jiao yue jin jun wu guo liang shi。 jiu yue, nei chu jiao fa ge bing tu xiang ban xing zhi。 bu she zhi gong、 fa shi、 yun shou、 ju zu、 yi bu, ji ma she、 ma shi bo qiang、 ma shang ye zhan ge dou, bu yong biao pai, jie you fa xiang, fan qian yu yan, shi jun shi song xi yan。

   si nian wu yue, zhao dong nan zhu lu zhuan yun、 ti dian xing yu si, ti liang jiang bing zi jiang jiao yue xin fa zhi hou, jun shi you suo bei fei yi wen。 gai zi tuan li jiang bing yi lai, jun ren ri xin jiao yue, jiu zi ji yi yi gei si fei zhe, xi wu xia wei gu ye。

   liu nian, cong guo zhong shao zhi qing, bu jun nu shou di yi deng zhe, ling jian xi shen bi gong。

   qi nian ba yue, zhao kai feng fu jie、 jing dong xi lu zhuan xuan jian si ti ju jiao yue。 shen zong liu xin wu bei, ji ming li wu xue、 xiao《 qi shu》 yi xun wu ju zhi shi, you ban bing fa yi yi jun lv, wei miao yuan tong, qu cheng yu xin, qun chen mo wang yan。

   yuan? yuan nian si yue, you si jian su zhe shang yan:" zhu dao jin jun zi zhi jiang yi lai, ri ye an xi wu yi, jiang bing jie zao wan liang jiao, xin mu zhi shi huo zhong ri bu de xiu xi。 jin ping ju wu shi, chao xi nue zhi yi jiao yue, shi wu yi li yi zhi sheng shi, yi shi dan jin, qiao cui wu liao, huan ji an de qi si li? qing shi jin jun, chu xin mu wei xi zhi ren, qi yu ri zhi yi jiao。 shi yue, chao qing lang ren gong yu yan:" jun zhong song xi xin fa, yu meng zhe po yi wei ku。 fu she zhi yu zhong, er ji ci ge dou qi yu sheng, qi bi jin neng ru fa?" shu mi yuan yi yi wei yuan jiang jiao yue xin fa zi he jiao zhe zhi shou, bu dang ling bing zhong li song。 zhao cong zhi。 jiu yue, shu mi yuan zou:" yi shi ma jun jiao yu zhen wai, geng jiao ma she。 qi fa: quan dui chi ma jie zhong xing wei’ zhi’ zi, tou kong fa shi, ke die chu, zui bian li。 jin sui zhuan yong shun zong zhi she、 mo? bei she fa, zhi ke qing qi tiao zhan, ji yong zhong nai bu neng zhong lie, fei bian。 qing zi jin ying yue pai ri, ma jun’ zhi’ zi she yu li bei she, ge ri hu jiao。" zhao ke。

   san nian wu yue, ba ti ju jiao xi ma jun suo。

   liu nian liu yue, san ya shen shu mi yuan, qi jin fu qi shi ri yi ling shi fang zhu jun jiao。 wang yan sou bai han zhong yan yue:" jing de gu shi, jie nei shi sheng jian ju chuan xuan, jin dan sui ju wei chang, ze bu fu jian chao ting en yi。" zhong yan yi wei ran, you kai chen tai huang tai hou。 yue:" ru ci ze wei chang shi, dai chu fen nei shi sheng。" sui zhao:" jin hou ru zhuang, qian zhong shi chuan xuan zhu jun zhu jiao。"

   shao sheng yuan nian san yue, shu mi yuan yan:" jin jun chun qiu da jiao shang fa, mei qian ren zeng qu er bai yi shi ren, gei shang you cha。" cong zhi。

   er nian er yue, shu mi yuan yan:" ma jun zi jiu yue zhi san yue, mei shi ri yi ci chu cheng san lv xuan, jiao xi hui da ye zhan zou zhou xiang bei shi fang, yu feng xue jia gu quan zhu。" cong zhi。

   san nian wu yue, zhao zai jing、 fu jie zhu lu jin jun ge dou fa, zi jin bing yi yuan feng tiao fa jiao xi。 qi yue, zhao xuan nu shou jian xi shen bi gong。 ba yue, zhao:" dian qian、 ma bu jun si jian guan jiao tou, bie xuan shi yi jing qiang、 tong xiao jiao xiang ti fa zhe, zhan zhuan jiao xi。 qi gong jian shou ma、 bu she she qin, yong dian yao bao zhi ji di er zhi zhi zu, bing ru yuan feng ge fa。" shi yue, you zhao fu shen bi gong she fa wei bai er shi bu。

   yuan fu yuan nian shi yue, zeng bu ji shang xun jiao shi chen fa ge, yin yan:" zu zong yi lai, yu jiang shi chang shi en gui ren zhu, er wei ling zai guan jun。 fan shen yan jun zheng, qi dai chao ting li fa er hou shi xing ye? shi guan jun shi zhi yi。" di shen yi wei ran。

   zheng he yuan nian er yue, zhao:" chun qiu da jiao, zhu jun gong nu dou li, bing yi yuan feng jiu zhi。"

   si nian wu yue, chen liao shang yan:" shen bi gong duo yuan bai er shi bu, gei jian shi zhi, qu wu zhong wei he ge, jun zhong shao de gai shang, kong duo yu xi she。 song dian qian、 ma bu jun si kan hui, jiang zhong tie jian shu bing gai wei shang duo, qi yi zhong tie ci liang shang duo。" cong zhi。

   wu nian san yue, zhao:" zi jin gan zhan liu jiang bing, bu fu jiao yue, bing yi wei yu bi lun。 bu an ju zhe, ru qi zui。" shi yi yue, chen liao yan:" chun qiu da jiao, zhu jun gong nu shang qu dou li gao qiang, qi she qin zhong duo zhe, ji shang tai bo, wu yi wei quan。" zhao yi yuan feng fa。

   ba nian, zhao zhou jun jin jun chu shu wai, chang liu wu fen zai zhou jiao yue, cong mao you zhi qing ye。

   zhong he yuan nian zheng yue, er bing bu shi lang yu wen cui zhong jin dui, lun jin jun xun lian bu jing, duo chong za yi。 di yue:" zu zong jun lv zhi fa zui wei mi zhi, shen kao you jia yi xun xi, jin lai bing guan jin yi chi man。 gu zhe chun zhen lv, xia ba she, qiu zhi bing, dong da yue, jie yu nong xi yi jiang shi, da si ma jiao zhan zhi fa, da zong bo da tian zhi li, xi lun zhou zhi, da di jun lv zhi zheng, liu qing wu you bu zong zhi zhe。 jin shi ren zuo shou?y, ren quan nong shi, bu yi quan geng jia wei zhi; guan jun fu shi, bu yi du xun lian wei yi。 zi jin ru yi shi ban zhi ji jin wei zhe, dang cha ren zhuo tan cheng jie。 geng hou ri chang, ji qin yu jiao yue ji shang。" xun yi cui zhong suo zou can zhao tiao ling xing zhi。

   xuan he san nian si yue, li qi she shang fa, qi bei she shang duo zhong tie zhe, yi bu she fa tui shang。

   jing kang yuan nian er yue, zhao:" jun bing jiu shi jiao xi, dang tai rong lan。 jin san ya yu zhu jiang zhao jun, wei wu zeng shu xi shang, dan ji deng zhang, bu wen yong qie。 zhao shou ji bu jing dang, jiao xi you bu yi shi, za se zhan po, shi ju san si。 jin yi zhao bing zhi ji, jing jia jian ze, ji xi jun ji, zhuan shi jiao xi, bu de yi za se ju zhan。 you shen bi gong、 ma huang nu nai zhong guo chang ji, yi duo xing jiao xi, yi?I bian qi。 reng ling jian yong yi jia jiao yue, shu shi xi shu。" si yue, zhao fu zhi jiao chang, chun qiu da yue, ji fu nei jiao fa yi ji shang zhi。

   zhen fa xi ning er nian shi yi yue, zhao? qi jiang qiu zhu ge liang ba zhen fa, yi shou bian jiang, shi zhi ying bian。 zhao guo kui tong? jiang qiu, xiang du di xing, ding wei zhen tu wen zou。

   wu nian si yue, zhao cai ting xian jin jiao yue zhen tu。 di chang wei:" jin zhi bian chen wu zhi qi zheng zhi ti zhe, kuang qi zheng zhi bian hu! qie tian di wu xing zhi shu bu guo wu, wu zhen zhi bian, chu yu zi ran, fei qiang wei zhi。" zai xiang han jiang yin qing zhu shuai chen ge ju zhan zhen zhi fa lai shang, qu qi suo chang, li yi wei fa。 cong zhi。 di huan zhu jiang jun xing wu xing zhen zhi fa, chang yue:" li jing jie san ren wei dui bi you yi。 xing shu, yu lin jie yi san ren wei dui, jing shen xiao ci, fei wu ju ye。" nai ling jia kui、 guo gu shi zhi。 shi er yue, zhi tong yuan jun wang shao qing jiang he xing tiao yue, zhao ci yu zhi《 gong shou tu》、《 xing jun huan zhu》、《 wu jing zong yao》、《 shen wu mi lve》、《 feng jiao ji zhan》、《 si lu zhan shou yue shu》 ge yi bu, yu ling guan qin feng lu jing lve si chao lu。

   liu nian, zhao zhu lu jing lve si, jie dui bing yi li jing fa, san ren wei yi xiao dui, jiu ren wei yi zhong dui, shang fa qi cheng xu ri qu cai。 qi dui wu ji qi jia zhi shu, yi jing yuan lu ya jiao fa。 jiu yue, zhao? yan:" yu zi jin da yue han bo zhen dui, qie yi wan er qian wu bai ren wei fa, jing qi hui zhi ge sui fang se。 zhan guo shi, da jiang zhi qi yi gui wei shi, gai qu qian lie xian zhi zhi yi。 ling zhong jun yi yi yi gui wei hao。 qi ba dui qi, bie hui tian、 di、 feng、 yun、 long、 hu、 niao、 she。 tian、 di ze xiang qi fang yuan, feng、 yun ze zhuang qi fei yang, long、 hu ze zhuang qi meng li, niao、 she ze zhuang qi xiang pan zhi shi, yi bei da yue。" shu mi yuan yi wei zhen dui qi hao ruo hui ba wu, ying shi zhong nan bian, qie qi jian yi you wu xing ke hui zhe。 sui zhao zhi yi fang se, reng yi qi xing zhi, ling wu za er yi。

   qi nian, you ming lv hui qing、 zeng xiao kuan bi xiao san wu jie dui fa。 shi yue, yi xin ding jie dui fa bing shang fa ge ji zhi zhen xing shi deng, qian jin shi li xian fu zhao? yue:" zhen fa zhi xiang yi ling xian mian yu, jin suo tu zhi shi yi xiao zhen, qing qi cong rong xi wen, xian bi yi yi you shuo。 ran zhi zhen fa du, jiu shi qi chuan, jin zhen yi dan ju yi suo de, lv er wei fa, kong you wei jin, yi wu bi ji, dan ju zou lai。" ji you zhao yue:" jin ling li xian ji xin ding jie dui fa bing shang fa ge fu qing, tong yi ke fou, yin yi tuan li jiang guan, geng zhi zhen fa, qing bi shen xi chao ting jing hua zhi yi。 ru ri jin ke le, yi ling li xian ji fu que。"? zou yue:

   zhi zhen zhi fa, yi jie dui wei xian。 li jing yi wu shi ren wei yi dui, mei san ren zi xiang de zhe jie wei yi xiao dui, he san xiao dui wei yi zhong dui, he wu zhong dui wei yi da dui, yu ya guan、 dui tou、 fu dui tou、 zuo you? za hu jia si chuang yan dai??⑾ qi lan jian= qiaブ pi hao ken huai huo yong xian lv xie ying? dai? song?? hui xie yong xian?《 ying? pai song?? huang《 yong xian? song??? beng jian nang pi jie mi zheS zhong∽ cheng lv po guai ji huang song? yan fa? dou zai pan ke he zha⑿ nan jie mi dao? song? si? lu huai wo∮ lu fen xia song?? jian hui zhong【?R huang su chui dui zheng xi?? dao yin7 bu you pian huang sou mei??? souυ? huang《 you mei?? xie youυ? hui xie you mei?? huo youυ? huai huo you mei??《 youυ?H duo hao yong bian? huan chui ao qu? lve xing fuд lu? jing you? dao yong?#? wei you? ju jiao yong?? lian juan huan ren? sang? dun?F xu xie huan shan qu? rui ao que huan ai? cheng chen yun nai xiao? ba hui zhi chu?? qiang shan ri lu? yuan hui?F lu deng xu du pan??? meiㄓ ren?? peng4 shuo qian ju lv hu? lun qian? huangФ? kou bing?br />
   ran yi zhe wei si shi wu ren er yi chang, bu ruo wu ren er yi chang zhi mi。 qie yi wu ren er yi chang, ji wu shi ren er shi chang ye, tui zhi yu bai qian wan, ze wei chang zhe duo, er tong zhi yi ye。 zhi ru zhou zhi: wu ren wei wu, shu zhi bi chang; wu wu wei liang, shu zhi lv xu; si liang wei zu, shu zhi zu shi; wu zu wei lv, shu zhi dang zheng; wu lv wei shi, shu zhi zhou chang; wu shi wei jun, shu zhi ming qing。 ci you jin zhi jun zhi, bai ren wei dou, wu dou wei ying, wu ying wei jun, shi jun wei xiang。 zi xiang dou zhi hui shi er xia, ge you jie ji, you yuan pin, yi xi zhi bi chang、 lv xu、 zu shi、 dang zheng zhi ren ye。

   yi zhe wei shen wu zhi zhi, yu dou fa wei bian, ran dou fa kong fei lin zhen dui di jue sheng zhi shu ye。 kuang ba zhen zhi fa, jiu shi qi chuan, sheng zhi yi xin, ji zhi qian wen, ruo he fu jie。 fu fa yi ding, yi yi zhi ren。 di hao ji xu, wu yi xu xing zhi; di hao bei shi, wu yi shi xing zhi。 ran er suo ji zhe fei qi xu, suo bei zhe fei qi shi, gu yi neng lao zhi, bao neng ji zhi, ci suo wei zhi ren er bu zhi yu ren ye。

   qi nian qi yue, zhao zhu lu an fu shi ge ju ke yong zhen dui fa, ji fang qiu zhi zhen dui fa zhe yi wen。 jiu yue, chong yi shi guo gu yi tong xiang ding gu jin zhen fa ci dui, yu shi nei chu《 gong shou tu》 er shi wu bu fu he bei。

   ba nian er yue, di pi:" jian xiao shi qi jun ying zhen, yi fen shu bu qi, qian hou di wu, nan wei shi yong。 ke ling jian xiao shi guan zhi qi ke qu zhe, cao ding ba jun fa yi wen。" chu, zhao shu mi yuan yue:" tang li jing bing fa, shi wu quan shu, za jian《 tong dian》, li xi e chuan。 you guan hao wu ming yu jin cheng wei bu tong, wu ren jiang zuo duo bu neng tong qi yi。 ling shu mi yuan jian xiang guan yu wang zhen、 zeng shou、 wang bai、 guo feng yuan deng xiao zheng, fen lei jie shi, ling jin ke xing。" you ming shu mi yuan fu dou cheng zhi zhang cheng yi、 ru nei ya ban li xian yu zhen、 feng yuan xing shi kuan guang chu, yong ma bu jun er qian ba bai ren jiao li jing ying zhen fa。 yi bu jun fu dou zhi hui shi yang sui wei dou da ti ju, cheng yi、 xian wei tong ti ju, zhen、 feng yuan can yi gong shi, xia yuan xiang、 zang jing deng wei jiang fu、 bu dui jiang、 gan dang gong shi, fan san shi jiu ren。

   cheng yi deng chu yong li jing liu hua zhen fa, yue shou bing er wan ren wei lv, wei qi jun, nei yu hou jun ge er qian ba bai ren, qu zhan bing qian jiu bai ren wei qi shi liu dui, zhan bing nei mei jun nu shou san bai, gong shou san bai, ma jun wu bai, tiao dang si bai, qi bing si bai, zi zhong mei jun jiu bai, shi wei er qian ba bai ren。 di yu jin chen yue:

   huang di shi zhi ba zhen fa, bai chi you yu zhuo lu。 zhu ge liang zao ba zhen tu yu yu fu ping sha zhi shang, lei shi wei ba xing。 jin huan wen jian zhi, yue:" chang shan she shi。" ci ji jiu jun zhen fa ye。 zhi sui han qin hu shen ming qi fa, yi shou qi sheng li jing。 jing yi shi yu jiu luan, jiang chen tong xiao zhe po duo, gu zao liu hua zhen yi bian jiu jun zhi fa, shi shi ren bu neng xiao zhi。 da di ba zhen ji jiu jun, jiu jun zhe, fang zhen ye。 liu hua zhen ji qi jun, qi jun zhe, yuan zhen ye。 gai zhen yi yuan wei ti, fang zhen zhe nei yuan er wai fang, yuan zhen ji nei wai ju yuan yi。 gu yi fang yuan wu yan zhi, ze fang yi ba bao yi, yuan yi liu bao yi, ci jiu jun liu hua zhen zhi da ti ye。 liu jun zhe, zuo you yu hou jun ge yi, wei er yu hou jun; zuo you xiang ge er, wei si xiang jun; yu zhong jun gong wei qi jun。 ba zhen zhe, jia qian hou er jun, gong wei jiu jun。 kai guo yi lai, zhi dian qian、 ma bu jun san shuai, ji zhong jun、 qian hou jun shuai zhi bie ming; er ma bu jun dou yu hou shi wei er yu hou jun, tian wu、 peng ri、 long shen wei si xiang shi wei si xiang jun ye。 zhong jun shuai zong zhi jiu jun, ji dian qian dou yu hou, zhuan zong zhong jun yi jun zhi shi wu, shi qi ming shi yu gu jiu jun ji liu hua zhen xiang fu er bu shao cha ye。 jin lun bing zhe ju yi tang li quan《 tai bai yin jing》 zhong zhen tu wei fa, shi zhi yuan yi。

   zhen chang lan jin ri chen liao suo xian zhen tu, jie wang xiang xuan huo, wu yi ke qu。 guo ru qi shuo, ze liang di xiang yu, bi xu qian shi yu yue zhan ri, ze kuan ping zhi di, yi fu sai he, zhu cao fa mu, ru she pu jiao chang, fang ke jin qi fa er。 yi li tui zhi, qi bu ke yong jue yi。 jin ke yue li jing fa wei jiu jun ying zhen zhi zhi。 ran li quan tu nai ying fa, fei zhen fa ye。 zhen cai gu zhi fa, zhuo jin zhi yi, yue ying yue zhen, ben chu yu yi fa, te zhi yue ying, xing yue zhen; zai qi zheng yan zhi, ze ying wei zheng、 zhen wei qi ye。

   yu shi yi ba yue da yue ba jun zhen yu cheng nan jing jia bei。 yi shi, ci sui er xia zhi zhi shi、 ma bu jun yin juan you cha。

   ba nian, zhao zhu lu quan zhu jiao wu jun zhen, zhi jiao si yu zhen。

   jiu nian si yue, di yu fu chen lun ying zhen fa, wei:" wei jiang zhe shao zhi jiang bing zhi li, qie ba jun、 liu jun jie da jiang ju zhong, da jiang pi ze xin ye, zhu jun, si ti ye。 yun qi xin zhi, yi shen shi bi, yi bi shi zhi, gong zuo ze you jiu, gong you ze zuo jiu, qian hou yi ran, ze jun he you bai ye!"

   yuan feng si nian, yi jiu jun fa yi jun ying zhen an yue yu cheng nan hao cao bei, yi shi, jiang yu。

   qi nian, zhao:" yi jiang wu zhen fa, ling zhu jiang jiao xi, qi jiu jiao zhen fa bing ba。" gai jiu jun ying zhen wei fang、 yuan、 qu、 zhi、 rui, fan wu bian, shi wei wu zhen。

   yuan? yuan nian, gao xiang yan, qi yi yu zhen yu xin zhen fa xiang jian jiao yue, cong zhi。 gai yuan feng qi nian, zhao zhuan yong wu zhen fa, er jiu jiao yu zhen sui fei; zhi shi, fu ling hu jiao。

   shao sheng san nian, fu ba jiao yu zhen。

   da guan er nian, zhao yi wu zhen fa ban xing zhu lu。

   jing kang yuan nian, jian cha yu shi hu shun zhi zou:" tong zhi lang qin yuan suo zhu bing shu、 zhen tu、 shi lv san ce、 da ba zhen tu yi、 xiao tu er, jie zhuo gu zhi fa, can jin zhi yi, bo er zhi yao, shi wei ke yong。" zhao ling ci dui。 dang shi jun chen sui wu xiong mou yuan lve, ran you qie qie yan yi jing wu wei xin。

   gao zong jian yan yuan nian, shi ban shu mi yuan jiao yue fa, zhuan xi zhi yu cui feng po di zhi yi、 quan fu zhi dai chu ru、 duan zhuang shen bi gong、 chang bing dao、 ma she chuan jia、 mu ting。 mei sui ni chun qiu jiao yue fa, li xin ge。 shen bi gong ri gei jian er shi, she qin qu duo bai er shi bu。 dao chang zhang er chi yi shang, zhan pi guo zhi, yin dou wu shi er ci, bu ling dao tou zhi di。 mei ying xuan er shi ren yue xi, jing liang yue zhe wu shi ren wei yi dui, jiao xi fen he, sui dui duo shao, fen li wu jun。 mei jun ge zhi qi hao, qian jun fei qi, fei niao wei hao; hou jun zao qi, gui wei hao; zuo jun qing qi, jiao wei hao; you jun bai qi, hu wei hao; zhong jun huang qi, shen ren wei hao。 you bie yi wu se wu hao zhi zhao qi、 fen qi。 ju zhao qi, ze wu jun yi qi xiang ying, he er cheng zhen; ju fen qi, ze wu jun yi qi xiang ying, fen er cheng dui。 zuo you qian que, huo fen zang wei fu, huo fen chu wei qi, jie ju qi wei hao。 geng ming xiao jin、 ying gu, bei zhan wang bu ji zhe。 yu yue fu zang zhi suo, huan ming xiao jin ji zhi, ji ming ying gu ji qi bing chu zhen? zhan, ji ming xiao jin ji fu bing chu。 qi chun qiu da jiao tui shang, yi hai xing ge fa。

   li gang yan:" shui zhan zhi li, nan fang suo yi。 yan he、 huai、 hai、 jiang shuai fu、 yao jun, yi xiao gu zhi zao zhan chuan, yi yun zhuan qing jie an wen wei liang。 you xi huo gong, yi fen di zhou。" zhao ming yang guan fu wang jiang、 zhe cuo zhi, he、 huai bie wei guan。 san nian, qin yue shui jun yu zhen jiang deng yun men wai。

   shao xing si nian, zhao nei dian an yue shen wu zhong jun guan bing tui shang。

   er shi si nian, chen liao yan:" zhou jun jin zu, yuan fang zong chi, duo bu xun lian, chun qiu jiao yue, lin shi bei shu, qi shen yan jiu zhi。"

   san shi yi nian, zhao:" bi wen zhu lu zhou xiang、 jin jun、 tu jun, you si shan si yi, fang jiao yue。 shuai fu qi yan ze shou bing qin bing gui ying, xun lian jing shu, yi bei dian shi。"

   xiao zong qian dao er nian, xing hou chao men wai, ci xing bai shi yue bing, san ya lv jiang zuo dao jia, she sheng guan bing jiu yu nian xia xian suo huo。 shi ri, you shu jiang du shou yun da dao, shang yue:" dao zhong ji he?" li shun ju zou:" dao jie zhong shu shi jin。" you zhi:" qing deng jiao yue jing ming。" you yu chen min yue:" jun ma yi zhuang zheng su ru ci。" te xi lai an ma、 jin dai, shi zu tui shang you cha。

   si nian, xing mao tan jiao yue。 ju huang qi, lian san gu, bian fang zhen; wu gu, ju bai qi, bian yuan zhen; ci er gu, ju chi qi, bian rui zhen; qing qi, bian zhi zhen。 bi shi, shang da yue, shang lai jia bei。 bing fen dong xi, cheng da dao、 huo pao, shang wen li shun ju:" an yue bi nang shi ru he?" shun ju zou:" jin ri zhi bing, bi xia qin xun lian, fu yi shen en, xi yi zhong shang, zhong yong bei chang。"

   qian dao zhong, zhao gong jian shou yuan she yi shi si dou li sheng jia san dou, yuan she yi shi li sheng jia wu dou, nu shou yuan she si shi li sheng jia wu dou, yuan she liang shi qi dou li sheng jia ba dou, jin zhi tui shang you cha。 zai zhi jin she qin shang ge, yu yun wen yue:" pai shi yi dou li sheng qing gei, jin yong she qin ding shang, kong bu jia yi dou li。" shang yue:" ran。 ta ri sui qiang gong nu ke yi qu sheng, ruo zhi xi she qin, ze dou li bu jin。 ci shang ge bu xu xing。"

   chun xi jian, li qiang shou ji she tie lian ge。 shang wei fu chen yue:" wen she tie lian, zhu jun gu yue fen li。" zhou bi da yue:" bing jiu bu yong, ci bei wu jin qu, zi ran qi duo。 jin bi xia ji quan gao jie, ren ren jie sheng bing。" yu shi dian qian、 bu jun si zhu jun ji ma jun jiu si gong nu shou, she tie lian he ge bing gong yi qian ba bai si shi yu。 zhao zhong duo lian gong jian shou yi shi er dou li shi jian, nu shou si shi li ba jian, yi ge jin liang zhi, ge ci qian bai min; gong jian shou yi shi li shi jian yi shang, nu shou san shi li ba jian, ge jin liang zhi。 zhao zhong wai zhu jun shang ge yi ru zhi。

   shao xi yuan nian, zhao dian si:" xu pu shui jun bing jiang shang shui jun sui chun、 qiu liang jiao wai, mei yue lun yue xi。 yan hai shui jun zhun shi。" zhi hui zhou xu yi yan:" zhu lu jin jun, jin fa yi shi fen wei lv, er fen xi gong, liu fen xi nu, yu er fen xi qiang、 pai。 xi gong zhe ting jian xi nu, dou li ke yi guan qi jin tui, she qin ke yi cha qi neng fou。 qin duo zhi shi, ren you ji kao。" zhao xia zhu lu zun shou zhi。 zhi zheng hu jin chen yan:" bi nian yong she tie lian tui shang, wang wang huo qian zhi, shi yi zu yi zuo cheng ren cai。" shang yue:" she tie lian bu nan, ci shang ge tai lan, qi zhuan yi wu yi jing shu wei shang。"

   er nian, shu mi yuan yan:" dian、 bu si zhu jun gong jian shou, dai jia liu shi bu she, yi shi er dou li, jian shi er, liu jian zhong duo wei ben deng。 nu shou, dai jia bai bu she, si shi li, jian shi er, wu jian zhong duo wei ben deng。 qiang shou, zhu zu ju shou cuan ci, yi si shi cuan wei ben deng。 zhu shuai wei tong zhi、 tong ling jiao qi yi。 ben deng wai qu sheng jia duo zhe, mei jun wu qian wu bai ren yi shang gong、 nu、 qiang shou ge shi wu ren, yi zhu shuai shen shi, shang shu mi yuan fu shi。 ge ze you deng er ren sheng zhuan liang zhi, yu ren gei qian wu min, qi jiang lai zai shi。"

   qing yuan er nian, xing hou chao men wai da yue。

   jia tai er nian, zhao jiang an yue zhu jun, shang lai yi qing yuan er nian zeng gei。

   bao qing er nian, mo ze yan:" zhou jun jin jun, ping shi ze yi fang kou dao, you shi ze yi bei rong xing, shi lu yu chao ting, fei zhou jun ke de si yi。 bi nian zhou jun jun zheng hui fei, lin yu lin gei, que e heng duo。 jun guan、 zhu bing guan you ke zhan, yu gong you jie shi, cun liu zhe bu shen yi。 dang jiao yue shi, qian、 zong、 lu fen sui hao zhu bing, jin shou xu ji, mo gan hao zhao。 ru jiao zhi ci, zuo zuo jin tui dai tong er xi。 shou chen li xu quan bu zhao tian, zhu bing shou hou lu gai nian jia。 qie yi bing qing gei, sui bu xia bai min, yi xiao ji zhi, yi jun zhan san bai ren, shi xu fei san wan min ye。 si yi jin jun, su you chang xian。 shou shuai pi yuan chi, jian di zhai, bu gei can qian; yu gong qu cheng liao jue, lei de jie bing, rao hai xiang lv。 jin er fu jun zhi you yu gong zhan si wu bai bing zhe。 liang you bing guan zhi quan qing, er si zhan zhi jin chi ye。 qi yan jie jian si、 shou?y deng, zhi xu jie xiang jun, reng bu de fang jiao yue, yu guan sui xiang jun yi wu jie。"

   chun? shi yi nian, tai chen tiao chen jun jiang bu xian yue xi zhi bi:" an jiu zhi, jin bing wu si yi。 bi sui fan zhou jun tun ying zhu? zhi chu, duo xun jiu xi, mei yi zhou jun jiang wu lv shu bai, guan wu xiao da ge zhan po, er diao lou、 zu xiu、 gong jin、 she se zhi shi mi suo bu you。 gong yi sui jing, ji ci bu xi, she you xiao jing, he neng shou jia? qi shen yan shuai shou ji tong bing guan, ying jun jiang ting gui ying wu xian xi xun lian, wu jing zuo wu yi, xu mi lin shao, yi fang jun shi。"

   xian chun chu, chen liao yan:" zhu jun tong ling、 tong zhi、 zheng jiang、 fu jiang zheng yu zai jun xun lian, xian yu wu shi, yi you tiao yong, ling xia ji xing, shi xi jiang zhi, jiang xi shi yong, suo xiang wu di。 jin jiang nan zhou jun、 yan jiang zhi kun zhi zhang qian guan, zhuan ren ying yun, bu wei jun ji, shi wei jia mou, jue wu zhan zhen xin gong, lv cong zhang qian sheng cha。 da lve yi jun jin er san qian, er shi chen zhi wu liu bai, yi gong za yi。"

   jiu nian, chen liao yan:" bi zhe zhao mu jun bing, yi shi tu qu chong shu, yi ji shang ge。 nie ci zhi hou, geng bu jiao yue。 zhu bing guan ku yi lao yi, ri ye wang xiu, yi huo shao wei, ji li ling yu, bang lve zhi ku, bing bu kan ming, er si zhe tao zhe jie zhong ye。 jin qing yi xin zhao jun fen li zhu dui, shi zhi shu ji lv, xi shi yi, huo xun huo yue shang ge jun yue shi。" gai bi zhi yu ci, er xun lian zhi zhi da huai yi。

  《 song shi》  yuan· tuo tuo deng

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